A transition probability estimation of the Bullfrog lifespan using continuous time Markov chain model†
Jayeong Paek1 · Heejin Kang2 · Ilsu Choi3
13Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Chonnam National University
2Department of Biology, Chonnam National University
2Department of Biology, Chonnam National University
Correspondence to: †This research was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through the Project for the Development of Biological Diversity Threats Outbreak Management Technology (RE201807039), funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE).
1Ph. D. student, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
2Ph. D. student, Department of Biological Science and Biotech, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
3Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea. E-mail: ichoi@jnu.ac.kr
1Ph. D. student, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
2Ph. D. student, Department of Biological Science and Biotech, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
3Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea. E-mail: ichoi@jnu.ac.kr
Received February 4, 2021; Revised March 2, 2021; Accepted March 4, 2021.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Abstract
- Amphibians are sensitive to environmental changes and are showing a severe decline worldwide. Amphibians are known as indicator species sensitive to environmental changes. The bullfrog, which has been introduced into Korea and has spread nationwide, is an amphibian sensitive to environmental changes and an alien organism requiring management measures, and has very important research value. In reality, research on bullfrogs has many limitations in terms of time and cost. In this paper, we estimate the variation in the behavior of the bullfrog ecological features of the bullfrog presented in several papers. The stage of growth over time was applied to the continuous-time Markov chain model to estimate the transition probabilities and mean survival time. In particular, the average survival time to death at each stage was 104.825 days for eggs, 520.125 days for tadpoles, and 2920.0 days for adults.
- Keywords : Bullfrog, continuous time Markov chain model, continuous transition probability, transition rate matrix.
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